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| Catalog Number | KMP2288 |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Human HAVCR2 Protein, mFc Tag |
| Product Description | The Human HAVCR2 Protein(KMP2288) is produced in HEK293 Cells and the target gene encoding Ser22-Arg200 is expressed with a mFc tag at the C-terminus. |
| Molecular Weight | 19.87 kDa |
| Alias | Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2, HAVCR2 |
| Species | Human |
| Host | HEK293 Cells |
| Size | 50ug, 100ug, 200ug |
| Purification | Affinity purification |
| Purity | >80% as determined by SDS-PAGE |
| Endotoxin | <1.0 EU/ug determined by the LAL method |
| Buffer | PBS, pH7.4 |
| Uniprot | Q8TDQ0 |
| SDS-PAGE |  |
| Function | Cell surface receptor implicated in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Generally accepted to have an inhibiting function. Reports on stimulating functions suggest that the activity may be influenced by the cellular context and/or the respective ligand (PubMed:24825777). Regulates macrophage activation (PubMed:11823861). Inhibits T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1)-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses and promotes immunological tolerance (PubMed:14556005). In CD8+ cells attenuates TCR-induced signaling, specifically by blocking NF-kappaB and NFAT promoter activities resulting in the loss of IL-2 secretion. The function may implicate its association with LCK proposed to impair phosphorylation of TCR subunits, and/or LGALS9-dependent recruitment of PTPRC to the immunological synapse (PubMed:24337741, PubMed:26492563). In contrast, shown to activate TCR-induced signaling in T-cells probably implicating ZAP70, LCP2, LCK and FYN (By similarity). Expressed on Treg cells can inhibit Th17 cell responses (PubMed:24838857). Receptor for LGALS9 (PubMed:16286920, PubMed:24337741). Binding to LGALS9 is believed to result in suppression of T-cell responses; the resulting apoptosis of antigen-specific cells may implicate HAVCR2 phosphorylation and disruption of its association with BAG6. Binding to LGALS9 is proposed to be involved in innate immune response to intracellular pathogens. Expressed on Th1 cells interacts with LGALS9 expressed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages to stimulate antibactericidal activity including IL-1 beta secretion and to restrict intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). However, the function as receptor for LGALS9 has been challenged (PubMed:23555261). Also reported to enhance CD8+ T-cell responses to an acute infection such as by Listeria monocytogenes (By similarity). Receptor for phosphatidylserine (PtSer); PtSer-binding is calcium-dependent. May recognize PtSer on apoptotic cells leading to their phagocytosis. Mediates the engulfment of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells. Expressed on T-cells, promotes conjugation but not engulfment of apoptotic cells. Expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) positively regulates innate immune response and in synergy with Toll-like receptors promotes secretion of TNF-alpha. In tumor-imfiltrating DCs suppresses nucleic acid-mediated innate immune repsonse by interaction with HMGB1 and interfering with nucleic acid-sensing and trafficking of nucleid acids to endosomes (By similarity). Expressed on natural killer (NK) cells acts as a coreceptor to enhance IFN-gamma production in response to LGALS9 (PubMed:22323453). In contrast, shown to suppress NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity (PubMed:22383801). Negatively regulates NK cell function in LPS-induced endotoxic shock (By similarity). |
| Background | Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2(HAVCR2) is a single-pass type I membrane protein and it contains 1 Ig-like V-type(immunoglobulin-like) domain. The protein belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, and TIM family of proteins. The protein regulates macrophage activation. It inhibits T-helper type 1 lymphocyte(Th1)-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses and promotes immunological tolerance. It may be also involved in T-cell homing and it is receptor for LGALS9. CD4(MIM 186940)-positive T helper lymphocytes can be divided into types 1(Th1) and 2(Th2) on the basis of their cytokine secretion patterns. Th1 cells and their associated cytokines are involved in cell-mediated immunity to intracellular pathogens and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, whereas Th2 cells are involved in the control of extracellular helminthic infections and the promotion of atopic and allergic diseases. The 2 types of cells also cross-regulate the functions of the other. TIM3 is a Th1-specific cell surface protein that regulates macrophage activation and enhances the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. |
| Storage | Aliquot and store at -20℃ to -80℃. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing cycles. |
| Note | This product is for research use only. |
| References | 1.Nature 415:536-541 (2002) 2.Nat. Immunol. 4:1093-1101 (2003) 3.Nat. Immunol. 6:1245-1252 (2005) 4.Blood 119:3064-3072 (2012) 5.PLoS Pathog. 9:E1003253-E1003253 (2013) 6.Eur. J. Immunol. 44:2703-2711 (2014) 7.PLoS ONE 10:E0140694-E0140694 (2015) 8.Nat. Genet. 50:1650-1657 (2018) |
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